Interactive transcript · 194 lines
Welcome back to TalkCast Discovery, Off the Map, Into the World.
欢迎回到 TalkCast 探索 频道：走出地图，走进世界。
I'm your host, Oliver.
我是你的主持人，奥利弗。
Today, we're heading to a city that Marco Polo once called the finest and most splendid city in the
今天，我们要去一座马可·波罗曾称之为世界上最完美、最壮丽的城市。
world.
世界。
That's a pretty bold statement, right?
这是一个非常大胆的说法，对吧？
But when you learn about this place, its misty lakes, its legendary tea, and its thousand -year -old
但是当你了解了这个地方，它那雾气缭绕的湖泊、传奇的茶叶，以及它那上千年的
stories, you might just agree with him.
故事，你可能就会同意他的看法了。
We are talking about Hangzhou, one of China's most beloved and celebrated cities.
我们要聊的是杭州，中国最受喜爱且最著名的城市之一。
Joining me today is Sophia, a cultural historian specializing in East Asian studies.
今天加入我节目的是索菲亚，一位专门从事东亚研究的文化历史学家。
Sophia spent five years living in Hangzhou while researching the city's cultural heritage, and she
索菲亚在研究杭州文化遗产期间在那儿住了五年，而且她
fell so deeply in love with the place that she still goes back every year.
深深地爱上了这个地方，以至于她现在每年都会回去。
Sophia, welcome to TalkCast.
索菲亚，欢迎来到 TalkCast。
Thank you, Oliver.
谢谢你，奥利弗。
I'm so excited to be here.
我很兴奋能来到这里。
Hangzhou is a city that completely changed the way I see the world.
杭州是一座完全改变了我看待世界方式的城市。
You know, a lot of people visit China and head straight to Beijing or Shanghai.
你知道，很多人去中国旅游都是直接前往北京或上海。
Those cities are wonderful, of course, but Hangzhou has this quiet, poetic magic that just gets
那些城市当然很棒，但杭州有一种宁静、诗意的魔力，它能
under your skin.
深入你的内心（令你难以忘怀）。
There's an old Chinese saying, above there is heaven, below there are Suju and Hangzhou.
中国有一句古话：上有天堂，下有苏杭。
The Chinese have been calling it a paradise on earth for centuries.
几个世纪以来，中国人一直称它为人间乐园。
A paradise on earth?
人间乐园？
That's quite a reputation to live up to.
那可真是个名副其实的极高名声。
So for our listeners who might not be familiar with the city, let's start with the basics.
所以，对于那些可能不熟悉这座城市的听众，我们先从基础知识开始。
What is it about Hangzhou's history and location that makes it so special?
杭州的历史和地理位置有什么特别之处？
Great question.
好问题。
Hangzhou sits at the southern end of the Grand Canal, the longest man -made waterway in the entire
杭州位于京杭大运河的南端，这是世界上最长的人工水道。
world.
世界。
That canal stretches all the way north to Beijing.
那条运河一直向北延伸到北京。
So for centuries, Hangzhou was a critical hub for trade, connecting the wealthy southern farmlands
因此，几个世纪以来，杭州一直是关键的贸易枢纽，连接着富饶的南方农田
to the northern capitals.
与北方的都城。
But here's the really big historical fact.
但这里有一个非常重大的历史事实。
In the year 1127, when invaders pushed the Song Dynasty out of their northern capital, the emperor
公元1127年，当入侵者将宋朝赶出北方都城时，皇帝
fled south and made Hangzhou his new capital.
一路南逃，并将杭州定为新都。
The city was called Linnan back then, which means temporary peace.
那时的城市被称为临安，意思是暂时的安定。
But that temporary capital lasted for over 150 years.
但那个临时都城持续了150多年。
Wait, so the name literally meant temporary, but they stayed for a century and a half.
等等，所以这个名字在字面上意思是临时的，但他们却待了一个半世纪。
That's wonderfully ironic.
这真是奇妙的讽刺。
Isn't it?
是吧？
And during that period, the Southern Song Dynasty, Hangzhou became possibly the largest and most
在那段南宋时期，杭州可能成为了世界上最大且最
advanced city in the world.
先进的城市。
Its population grew to over 1 million people.
它的人口增长到了100多万人口。
Art, poetry, philosophy, and commerce absolutely flourished.
艺术、诗歌、哲学和商业绝对地繁荣发展。
This is the era that shaped the soul of Hangzhou, that deep appreciation for beauty, for nature, for
正是这个时代塑造了杭州的灵魂，那种对美、对自然、对
the quiet, refined pleasures of life.
生活中宁静而雅致的享受的深度鉴赏。
And the heart of all that beauty is, of course, West Lake.
而所有这些美的核心，当然就是西湖。
Ah, West Lake.
啊，西湖。
I've seen photographs, and it looks absolutely stunning.
我看过照片，它看起来简直美极了。
Tell us about it.
告诉我们关于它的事吧。
What makes it more than just a beautiful lake?
是什么让它不仅仅是一个美丽的湖泊？
West Lake was recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2011, and it's not just for its natural
西湖在2011年被列为联合国教科文组织世界遗产，这不仅仅是因为它的自然
beauty.
美。
It's actually a culturally constructed landscape.
这实际上是一个文化构建的景观。
That means humans and nature worked together over many centuries to create what you see today.
这意味着人类与自然在数个世纪中共同创造了你今天所看到的一切。
There are carefully placed causeways, ancient pagodas, arched stone bridges, and little islands, all
这里有精心布局的堤道、古老的宝塔、拱形石桥和小岛，所有这些
designed to create a feeling of harmony between people and nature.
旨在营造人与自然之间的和谐感。
The Chinese call this concept Tian Ren He Yi, which basically means the unity of heaven and
中国人称这个概念为天人合一，基本上意味着天与
humanity.
人类的统一。
That's a beautiful philosophy.
那是一个美丽的哲学。
So every bridge and pagoda is placed there with a deeper meaning?
所以每一座桥和宝塔的安置都有更深刻的含义吗？
Exactly.
正是如此。
And every view has a poetic name.
而且每一个景观都有一个诗意的名字。
There are the famous 10 scenes of West Lake.
这里有著名的西湖十景。
My favorite one is called Autumn Moon Over the Calm Lake.
我最爱的一个叫做平湖秋月。
Imagine this.
想象一下。
You're sitting in a small pavilion at the water's edge on a clear autumn night.
在一个晴朗的秋夜，你坐在水边的一个小亭子里。
The full moon hangs in the dark sky, and its perfect reflection shimmers on the still water.
圆月悬挂在黑夜中，它完美的倒影在静止的水面上闪烁。
There's no sound except for the soft chirping of insects.
除了昆虫轻轻的鸣叫声，没有其他声音。
It's not just a view.
这不仅仅是一个景象。
It's an emotional experience.
这是一次情感体验。
The ancient poets didn't just look at the lake.
古代诗人不仅仅是看湖。
They felt it.
他们感受它。
Oh, wow.
噢，哇。
I can almost picture that.
我几乎可以想象那个画面。
That kind of scene really stirs the imagination.
那种场景真的能激起想象力。
Now, I know Hangzhou is also world famous for its tea.
现在我知道杭州也因其茶叶而闻名世界。
Can you take us into the tea culture there?
你能带我们了解一下那里的茶文化吗？
Oh, absolutely.
噢，当然可以。
This is one of my favorite topics.
这是我最喜欢的话题之一。
Hangzhou is the home of Longjing tea, which means Dragon Well tea.
杭州是龙井茶的故乡，龙井的意思是龙之井。
It's arguably the most celebrated green tea in all of China.
它可以说是全中国最负盛名的绿茶。
The tea grows in the misty hills just west of the lake in a small village literally called Longjing
茶叶生长在西湖西面朦胧的山丘上，一个字面上就叫龙井的
village.
村庄。
When I lived in Hangzhou, I used to walk up through these narrow winding paths surrounded by rows
当我住在杭州时，我常常走在这些狭窄蜿蜒的小径上，周围是一排排
and rows of bright green tea bushes.
一排排翠绿 的茶树。
The air smells fresh and slightly sweet with a gentle grassy fragrance.
空气闻起来清新且微甜，带着淡淡的草木芬芳。
That sounds incredibly peaceful.
那听起来极其宁静。
What makes Longjing tea so prized compared to other green teas?
与其他绿茶相比，是什么让龙井茶如此珍贵？
Several things.
几个原因。
First, there's what tea experts call terar, basically the unique character that the local soil,
首先，是茶叶专家所说的“风土”，基本上是当地土壤、
climate, and water give to the tea.
气候和水赋予茶叶的独特特性。
The misty mountains around West Lake create the perfect growing conditions.
西湖周围云雾缭绕的山脉创造了完美的生长条件。
Second, the best Longjing tea is picked before the Qingming festival in early April.
其次，最好的龙井茶是在四月初清明节之前采摘的。
They call this Mingqian tea, and it uses only the tiniest, most tender leaves.
他们称之为明前茶，它只使用最微小、最鲜嫩的叶子。
Third, the processing is done entirely by hand.
第三，加工过程完全是由手工完成的。
A tea master sits in front of a hot iron wok and presses the fresh leaves against the wok's surface
一位采茶大师坐在热铁锅前，将鲜叶紧贴着锅的表面进行按压
with their bare hands.
用他们的赤手。
This stops the leaves from turning dark and gives them that signature flat sword -like shape.
这能防止叶子变黑，并赋予它们那种标志性的扁平剑状。
With their bare hands on a hot wok?
在热锅上用赤手？
That must require incredible skill.
那一定需要惊人的技巧。
It does.
确实如此。
A skilled tea master uses 10 different hand movements during the roasting process.
一位熟练的茶艺大师在烘焙过程中会使用10种不同的手法。
It takes years of practice to master.
这需要多年的练习才能掌握。
And here's a fun historical fact.
这里有一个有趣的历史事实。
When the Qianlong Emperor visited Longjing village during the Qing dynasty, he was so impressed by
当乾隆皇帝在清朝访问龙井村时，他对
the tea that he personally designated 18 tea bushes as imperial tea trees.
茶叶印象深刻，以至于他亲自指定了18棵茶树为御茶。
Those exact bushes are still preserved and protected today.
那些茶树至今仍被保存和保护着。
You can actually go and see them.
你实际上可以去看看它们。
I didn't know that.
我之前不知道。
That's amazing.
太惊人了。
Now, I have to ask about the food.
现在，我得问问食物。
You simply cannot explore Chinese city without diving into its cuisine.
如果你不深入了解一个城市的烹饪文化，就无法真正探索中国的城市。
What does Hangzhou taste like?
杭州尝起来是什么味道？
Hangzhou cuisine is elegant, delicate, and full of wonderful stories.
杭帮菜格调高雅、精致，且充满了精彩的故事。
The most iconic dish is probably dongpo pork, named after the famous poet Su Dongpo, the same man
最具标志性的菜肴大概是东坡肉，是以著名诗人苏东坡的名字命名的，也就是那位
who built one of the beautiful causeways across West Lake.
修建了横跨西湖的美丽堤道的人。
The story goes that when Su Dongpo was serving as the local governor, grateful citizens sent him
传说苏东坡在担任当地长官时，感激他的百姓送给他
gifts of pork and Shaoxing rice wine.
猪肉和绍兴黄酒作为礼物。
He instructed his servants to slowly braise the pork with the wine, soy sauce, ginger, and
他指示家仆用酒、酱油 、生姜和
scallions.
青葱慢炖猪肉。
So a famous poet basically invented a legendary dish that's such a great origin story.
所以一位著名的诗人基本上发明了一道传奇菜肴，这真是一个伟大的起源故事。
It really is.
确实如此。
And the result is extraordinary.
结果是非凡的。
The pork belly is braised for hours until it becomes so tender, it practically melts on your tongue.
五花肉要炖上几个小时，直到变得非常软嫩，几乎入口即化。
The outside has a beautiful deep reddish brown glaze, and the fat turns almost translucent, silky
外皮有一层漂亮的深红褐色光泽，肥肉部分变得几乎半透明，丝滑
and rich, but surprisingly not greasy howl.
且浓郁，但令人惊讶的是一点也不油腻。
Each piece is served in its own small clay pot, still gently steaming.
每一块都盛在各自的小砂锅里，还在轻轻地冒热气。
You can smell the sweet warm aroma of the rice wine as it reaches your nose.
当香气飘到你的鼻尖时，你可以闻到黄酒那香甜温润的芬芳。
You're making me incredibly hungry right now.
你现在让我感到难以置信地饿。
Are there other dishes our listeners should know about?
还有其他我们的听众应该了解的菜肴吗？
Oh, definitely.
哦，肯定有的。
There's Longjing shrimp, where fresh plump river shrimp are stir fried with actual Longjing tea
还有龙井虾仁，用新鲜肥硕的河虾与真正的龙井茶
leaves.
叶子一起炒制。
The shrimp turn a beautiful jade white color, and the tea adds this subtle fragrant, almost nutty
虾仁呈现出漂亮的玉白色，茶叶增添了这种微妙的芬芳，几乎带着坚果般的
flavor.
风味。
And then there's beggar's chicken, a whole chicken wrapped in lotus leaves, sealed in clay and slow
然后还有叫花鸡，将整只鸡用荷叶包裹，用泥土密封并慢
baked.
烘烤。
The legend says a clever beggar invented it by burying a stolen chicken in mud to cook it.
传说一个聪明的乞丐通过把偷来的鸡埋在泥里煮熟发明了这道菜。
When you crack open the clay shell at the table, this incredible cloud of herbal savory steam just
当你在餐桌上敲开泥壳时，一股令人赞叹的草本咸鲜蒸汽就这样
rises up.
升腾而起。
The meat inside literally falls off the bone.
里面的肉简直是入口脱骨。
Every single dish has a story behind it.
每一道菜背后都有一个故事。
I love that.
我喜欢这一点。
Now, Sophia, we've talked about Hangzhou's glorious past, but this is also a very modern city, isn't
现在，索菲亚，我们谈到了杭州辉煌的过去，但这同时也是一座非常现代化的城市，不是
it?
吗？
How has it changed in recent years?
最近几年它发生了怎样的变化？
This is where Hangzhou's story becomes really fascinating for a modern audience.
这正是杭州的故事对现代观众来说变得非常迷人的地方。
Today, Hangzhou is one of China's biggest tech hubs.
如今，杭州是中国最大的科技枢纽之一。
It's the headquarters of Alibaba, one of the world's largest technology companies.
它是阿里巴巴的总部所在地，那是全球最大的科技公司之 一。
The city has this incredible energy, young entrepreneurs, innovative startups, digital creativity
这座城市充满了这种惊人的能量，年轻的企业家、创新的初创企业、数字创意
everywhere.
到处可见。
But what I find truly remarkable is how Hangzhou balances all this rapid modernization with deep
但我发现真正非凡的是杭州如何在实现快速现代化的同时，保持着深厚的
respect for its cultural heritage.
对文化遗产的尊重。
That's interesting.
那很有趣。
Can you give us a specific example of that balance?
你能给我们举一个这种平衡的具体例子吗？
Sure.
当然可以。
Hangzhou has three UNESCO World Heritage Sites, West Lake, the Grand Canal, and the archeological
杭州拥有三处联合国教科文组织世界遗产地：西湖、大运河以及考古
ruins of Liangzhu City, which date back 5 ,000 years.
良渚古城遗址，其历史 可以追溯到5000年前。
The city government has strict rules that any new construction project must undergo a thorough
市政府有严格的规定，任何新的建设项目都必须首先经过彻底的
archeological survey first.
考古勘测。
They are also using technology in creative ways to bring ancient culture to life, things like
他们还以创意的方式利用技术让古老文化焕发生机，比如
holographic projections of ancient paintings and AI -powered guides at historical sites.
古画的全息投影以及历史遗迹中的AI导游。
So instead of creating the old and the new as enemies, Hangzhou treats them as partners.
所以，杭州并没有让新旧事物成为敌人，而是将它们视为伙伴。
That's a wonderful way to put it, the old and the new as partners.
这个说法真好，新旧事物互为伙伴。
It sounds like Hangzhou has found a truly inspiring model for how a city can honor its past while
听起来杭州确实找到了一种令人振奋的模式，让城市在迈向未来的同时致敬过去
running towards the future.
奔向未来。
It really has, and that's what I love most about the city.
确实如此，而这正是我最喜爱这座城市的地方。
Whether you're sipping Longjing tea in a quiet hillside tea house, strolling along the misty shores
无论是在宁静的山间茶馆啜饮龙井，还是在晨曦中沿着雾气缭绕的湖岸漫步
of West Lake at dawn, or exploring the buzzing tech districts, you feel this constant conversation
亦或是探索繁忙的科技园区，你都能感受到这种持续的对话
between the ancient and the modern.
在古老与现代之间。
Hangzhou doesn't choose one over the other, it embraces both beautifully.
杭州并没有在两者之间做选择，而是将两者完美地融合在一起。
Sophia, this has been an absolutely wonderful conversation.
索菲亚，这真是一次绝对精彩的交谈。
Thank you so much for sharing your deep knowledge and passion for Hangzhou with us today.
非常感谢你今天与我们分享关于杭州的深厚知识和热情。
Thank you, Oliver.
谢谢你，奥利弗。
It's been a real joy.
这真的是一种喜悦。
I hope our listeners feel inspired to explore Hangzhou for themselves someday.
我希望我们的听众能受到启发，有一天能亲自去探索杭州。
And to all our listeners out there, if you ever get the chance to visit Eastern China, Hangzhou
对所有的听众朋友们，如果你有机会访问华东，杭州
deserves a spot right at the top of your list.
绝对值得排在你的旅行清单首位。
Now here's our question for today.
现在是今天的问题。
During the Qing dynasty, the Qianlong Emperor was so impressed with Longjing tea that he gave a
清朝时期，乾隆皇帝对龙井茶印象非常深刻，甚至给
special title to a group of tea bushes.
一组茶树封了特别的称号。
How many tea bushes did the emperor designate as imperial tea trees?
皇帝将多少棵茶树指定为御茶树？
If you know the answer, write it down in the comment section below, or check the comments to see how
如果你知道答案，请写在下方的评论区，或者查看评论看看
other listeners answered.
其他听众是怎么回答的。
If you enjoyed this episode, please subscribe and share TalkCasts with your friends and anyone who
如果你喜欢这一集，请订阅并与你的朋友以及任何
loves exploring the world through stories.
喜欢通过故事探索世界的人分享 TalkCasts。
Thank you so much for all your wonderful feedback and support.
非常感谢你们所有精彩的反馈和支持。
It truly means a world to us.
这对我们来说真的非常有意义。
A quick reminder, the full English text of this series is published regularly on our TalkCast WeChat
一个小提示，本系列的完整英文文本会定期发布在我们的 TalkCast 微信
official account.
官方账号上。
So head over there if you'd like to read along and practice your English skills.
如果你想边读边练习英语技能，那就去那里看看吧。
And finally, please leave us a comment telling us which place or topic you'd like us to explore in
最后，请给我们留言，告诉我们你希望我们在下一集中
our next episode.
探索哪个地方或主题。
We love hearing from you and your suggestions help us decide where to wander next.
我们很乐意听到你的声音，你的建议会帮助我们决定下一个探索的目的地。
Until then, keep exploring and keep discovering.
在那之前，请保持探索，不断发现。
