Interactive transcript · 157 lines
Good morning, everyone, and welcome to TalkCast.
大家早上好，欢迎来到 TalkCast。
I am Lucas.
我是卢卡斯。
Today is October 22nd, 2026, and it is wonderful to have you with us this morning.
今天是2026年10月22日，很高兴今天早上能有你们的陪伴，真是太美妙了。
Good morning, Lucas, and good morning to all our listeners.
卢卡斯，早上好，也向我们所有的听众道一声早上好。
I am Chloe, and I have my warm coffee ready.
我是克洛伊，我的热咖啡已经准备好了。
We have some truly fascinating health and science stories to share today.
今天我们有一些真正迷人的健康与科学故事要分享。
That is right, Chloe.
说得对，克洛伊。
In our top story today, scientists have created an artificial intelligence tool that can look at a
在我们今天的头条报道中，科学家们创造了一个人工智能工具，它可以查看
photo of your face to help predict medical treatments.
你脸部的照片来帮助预测医疗治疗。
We will also look at an important study on mental health.
我们还将看一项关于心理健康的重要研究。
Australian researchers have discovered a specific type of depression that is linked to your internal
澳大利亚研究人员发现了一种与你的体内生物钟相连的特定类型的抑郁症，它与你的体内
body clock.
身体时钟有关。
Plus, how many daily steps do you really need to sharpen your brain and improve your focus?
另外，你到底需要多少日常步数来磨砺你的大脑并提高你的专注力？
A long -term study has some encouraging news for all of us.
一项长期研究给我们所有人带来了一些鼓舞人心的消息。
And finally, a fun discovery about wild animals.
最后，关于野生动物的一个有趣发现。
It turns out that humans are not the only ones who act like germaphobes after an illness spreads
事实证明，在一种疾病传播开来之后，人类并不是唯一表现得像洁癖者的人群
through the community.
穿梭于整个社区之中。
Let us begin with our headline story about medicine and artificial intelligence.
让我们从关于医学和人工智能的头条新闻开始。
Researchers at Mass General Brigham Hospital in the United States have developed a remarkable new AI tool.
美国麻省总布里格姆医院的研究人员开发了一种非凡的全新人工智能工具。
This system can analyze a simple photograph of a person's face to estimate their biological age.
该系统可以分析一个人面部的简单照片来估计他们的生物学年龄。
Wait, a selfie, Lucas?
等等，一张自拍，卢卡斯？
Are you telling me that a regular picture from a smartphone can actually show doctors how healthy
你是说智能手机的一张普通照片真的能向医生展示
you are on the inside?
你的内在情况如何吗？
Yes, that is exactly what the study suggests.
是的，这正是研究所表明的。
The computer model looked at thousands of patient pictures.
该计算机模型查看了数千张病人的照片。
It learned to notice tiny facial details that human doctors cannot easily see.
它学会了注意到人类医生不易察觉的微小面部细节。
For example, it analyzes the skin around your eyes, muscle firmness, and subtle changes in your
例如，它会分析你眼睛周围的皮肤、肌肉的紧致度，以及你面部组织的微妙变化
facial tissues.
面部组织。
That sounds very clever.
听起来很聪明。
But could you explain what biological age means?
但是你能解释一下生物学年龄是什么意思吗？
Is that different from our normal age?
这与我们正常的年龄不同吗？
Yes, it is very different, Chloe.
是的，大不相同，克洛伊。
Your chronological age is simply the number of years you have lived on the calendar.
你的按时间计算的年龄（实际年龄）只是你在日历上度过的年数。
However, your biological age measures the true condition of your cells and organs.
然而，你的生物学年龄衡量的是你细胞和器官的真实状况。
Ah, I see.
哦，我明白了。
So it is like two cars manufactured in the same year.
所以这就像是在同一年制造的两辆汽车。
One car was parked inside a garage and driven gently, while the other car was driven every day
一辆车停在车库里被温柔地驾驶，而另一辆车每天都在开
across rough mountain roads.
穿过崎岖的山路。
They have the same age on paper, but their engines are in completely different shape.
它们在纸面上年龄相同，但它们的发动机处于完全不同的状态。
That is a wonderful comparison, Chloe.
这是一个绝妙的比较，克洛伊。
And knowing the real condition of the body is vital for doctors, especially when treating cancer.
了解身体的真实状况对医生来说至关重要，尤其是在治疗癌症时。
Many cancer treatments, like chemotherapy or complex surgery, put heavy physical stress on the human body.
许多癌症治疗，如化疗或复杂的手术，会对人体造成沉重的身体压力。
Right, because an older patient might actually be very strong, while a younger patient might have a
对的，因为一个年长的病人可能实际上非常强壮，而一个年轻的病人可能会有
frail body that needs gentle care. Precisely.
一个需要温柔照顾的虚弱身体。正是如此。
In the past, doctors had to run expensive blood tests and long physical examinations to check a
过去，医生不得不进行昂贵的血液检查和漫长的体检来检查
patient's biological age.
病人的生物学年龄。
Now this new tool can give doctors helpful information in seconds from a single photo.
现在这个新工具可以在几秒钟内从单张照片中为医生提供有帮助的信息。
The researchers found that patients with younger -looking biological faces survived tough cancer
研究人员发现，有着一张看起来更年轻的生物学脸庞的病人能够更好地熬过艰难的癌症
treatments much better.
治疗效果要好得多。
That is incredible.
这真是难以置信。
A quick photo could help doctors choose safer, more personal treatments for each patient.
一张快速的照片可以帮助医生为每位患者选择更安全、更个性化的治疗方案。
It certainly could.
当然可以。
And while doctors are studying how our cells age, other scientists are looking at how our daily
正当医生们在研究我们的细胞如何衰老时，其他科学家正在研究我们的日常……
rhythms affect our mental health.
……节律是如何影响我们的心理健康的。
Our next story comes from Australia.
我们的下一个故事来自澳大利亚。
Yes, this is a very important study about depression.
是的，这是一项关于抑郁症的非常重要的研究。
For many decades, people treated depression with the same standard pills and counseling.
几十年来，人们一直用相同的标准药物和心理咨询来治疗抑郁症。
However, researchers now say that sleep might be the missing piece of the puzzle.
然而，研究人员现在表示，睡眠可能是拼图缺失的那一块。
That is correct.
确实如此。
Scientists at Monash University and other Australian institutions studied thousands of people with
莫纳什大学和其他澳大利亚机构的科学家研究了数千名……
severe depression.
患有严重抑郁症的人。
They discovered that about one in four patients belongs to a new category called the circadian subtype.
他们发现大约四分之一的患者属于一个名为昼夜节律亚型的新类别。
Hold on, Lucas.
等等，卢卡斯。
Circadian is a technical medical word.
昼夜节律是一个医学专业术语。
Could you break that down into simple words for our listeners?
你能为我们的听众把这个拆解成简单的词汇吗？
Of course.
当然。
The word circadian comes from Latin, and it means about a day.
circadian一词源自拉丁语，意思是“大约一天”。
Your circadian rhythm is your body's natural 24 -hour internal clock.
你的生物钟是你身体自然的24小时内部时钟。
It tells your brain when to fall asleep, when to wake up, and when to release digestive juices for food.
它告诉你的大脑何时入睡、何时醒来，以及何时释放用于食物的消化液。
So it is like an invisible conductor that keeps the orchestra of our body working on a regular schedule. Exactly.
所以它就像一个无形的指挥，让我们的身体交响乐团按规律的时间表运转。没错。
In patients with this circadian subtype, that internal clock is completely out of rhythm.
在这种昼夜节律亚型的患者中，那个内部时钟完全失去了节律。
Their bodies release sleep chemicals during the day and alert chemicals late at night.
他们的身体在白天释放睡眠化学物质，而在深夜释放清醒化学物质。
Because of this confusion, they suffer from painful insomnia and deep daytime fatigue.
由于这种混乱，他们遭受着痛苦的失眠和深度的白天疲劳。
And when your sleep clock is broken, your mood naturally crashes.
当你的睡眠时钟坏了时，你的情绪自然会崩溃。
I know that if I do not sleep well for just two nights, I feel cranky and sad.
我知道如果我仅仅两个晚上没睡好，我就会感到暴躁和悲伤。
Living with that constantly must be terrible. Exactly.
不断地忍受那种情况一定很糟糕。确实。
Even worse, the researchers noticed that traditional antidepressant medications often do not work
更糟糕的是，研究人员注意到传统的抗抑郁药物通常不起作用
well for these patients.
对这些患者而言。
Instead, doctors believe the best treatment is to reset their body clock.
相反，医生认为最好的治疗方法是重置他们的生物钟。
How can someone reset their body clock?
一个人怎么能重置自己的生物钟呢？
Does that mean sleep habits can be used like medicine?
这是否意味着睡眠习惯可以像药一样使用？
Yes, that is the goal.
是的，这就是目标。
Treatments include sitting in front of bright light boxes in the morning, taking walks in early
治疗方法包括早上坐在明亮的灯箱前，在清晨
daylight, and keeping a strict bedtime schedule.
日光中散步，并保持严格的就寝时间表。
By fixing the internal clock, doctors hope to lift the dark fog of depression without relying
通过修复内部时钟，医生希望在不依赖的情况下驱散抑郁的阴霾
entirely on strong drugs.
完全依赖强效药物。
That gives so much hope to people who have struggled with medications that never seem to work.
这给那些一直在与似乎总不起作用的药物苦苦挣扎的人们带来了极大的希望。
It really does.
它真的是这样。
And talking about healthy daily habits brings us straight to our third story today.
谈到健康的日常习惯，会把我们直接带到今天的第三个故事。
It is about a simple activity that anyone can start right outside their front door. Walking.
这是一个简单的活动，任何人刚出家门就能开始。散步。
Oh, I love going for walks.
哦，我喜欢去散步。
But to be honest, fitness apps always tell us to walk 10 ,000 steps every single day.
但老实说，健身应用程序总是告诉我们每天要走10,000步。
That goal sometimes feels like an impossible mountain to climb.
这个目标有时感觉像是一座不可能攀登的高山。
Well, Chloe, you will be happy to hear that 10 ,000 steps is not necessary for your brain.
好吧，克洛伊，听到10,000步对你的大脑来说并不是必要的，你会很高兴的。
A massive 14 -year study in the United States examined how daily movement affects cognitive performance.
美国一项为期14年的大规模研究考察了日常运动如何影响认知表现。
There is another academic term, Lucas, cognitive performance.
卢卡斯，这里有另一个学术术语，认知表现。
Does that just mean how well our brain thinks?
这只是意味着我们的大脑思考得有多好吗？
Yes, exactly.
是的，确切如此。
It refers to your memory, your problem -solving skills, and your attention span.
它指的是你的记忆力、解决问题的能力以及你的注意力持续时间。
The researchers followed more than 3 ,000 adults over 14 years.
研究人员在14年的时间里追踪了3000多名成年人。
They discovered that people who walked between 4 ,000 and 7 ,000 steps a day had noticeably sharper
他们发现每天步行 4,000 到 7,000 步的人有着显著敏锐的
attention spans.
注意广度。
That is fantastic news.
这是个极好的消息。
4 ,000 to 7 ,000 steps is a very realistic target.
4,000 到 7,000 步是一个非常切合实际的目标。
That is just a pleasant 30 -minute brisk walk every day.
那每天只需进行一次30分钟令人愉快的轻快散步。
That is right.
对的。
You do not need to sweat in a gym for two hours.
你不需要在健身房里出汗两个小时。
Walking at a steady pace increases blood circulation throughout your body.
以平稳的步伐步行可以促进全身的血液循环。
As a result, your heart sends fresh oxygen and essential nutrients straight to your brain tissues.
因此，你的心脏会将新鲜氧气和必需的营养物质直接输送到大脑组织。
I always feel much more creative after a short walk around the block.
在街区周围短途散步后，我总是感觉更有创造力。
If I feel stuck on a difficult task at work, a 10 -minute walk seems to clear my mind completely.
如果我觉得工作中的某个困难任务卡壳了，10分钟的散步似乎能彻底清醒我的头脑。
Scientists agree with your experience, Chloe.
科学家们同意你的经历，克洛伊。
Walking encourages the brain to release protective proteins that help nerve cells build new pathways.
步行会促使大脑释放保护性蛋白质，帮助神经细胞建立新的通路。
So if you want to stay focused during your study sessions or work meetings, regular daily steps are
所以，如果你想在学习或工作会议期间保持专注，每天规律的步数是
one of the best tools available.
现有的最佳工具之一。
I will definitely put on my walking shoes during my lunch break today.
我今天午休时一定会穿上我的步行鞋。
Now, Lucas, let us turn to our final story of the morning.
现在，卢卡斯，让我们转向我们今天早上的最后一个故事。
And this one takes us into the animal kingdom.
这个故事把我们带入了动物王国。
Yes, this story is about animal behavior.
是的，这个故事是关于动物行为的。
A team of international scientists observed wild primates, specifically Japanese macaque monkeys,
一个国际科学家团队观察了野生灵长类动物，具体来说是日本猕猴，
after a serious viral illness spread through their group.
在一种严重的病毒性疾病在它们群体中传播之后。
And what did the researchers discover?
研究人员发现了什么？
They found that the monkeys started acting like germophobes.
他们发现猴子开始表现得像洁癖者一样。
A germophobe is a person who is extremely afraid of bacteria, dirt, and getting sick.
洁癖者是指那些极其害怕细菌、污垢和生病的人。
Wait, monkeys can be germophobes too?
等等，猴子也会有洁癖吗？
Were they wearing tiny face masks and using soap in the jungle?
它们在丛林里戴着微小的面罩并使用肥皂吗？
Not quite, Chloe, but their behavior changed dramatically.
不完全是，克洛伊，但它们的行为发生了巨大的改变。
Normally, wild monkeys pick up pieces of fruit from the dirt and eat them straight away.
通常，野生猴子会从泥土中捡起水果碎片并立刻吃掉。
However, after the outbreak, the monkeys took their food to nearby freshwater streams and carefully
然而，在疫情爆发后，猴子们把食物带到附近的淡水溪流中，并仔细地
washed off the dirt before taking a bite.
在咬一口之前洗掉污垢。
They actually washed their meals in clean water?
它们实际上在 干净的水中洗它们的食物？
That shows such impressive intelligence.
这表现出了如此令人印象深刻的智力。
It certainly does.
它确实如此。
Furthermore, the monkeys began practicing social distancing.
此外，猴子开始实行社交距离。
They avoided sitting close to coughing troop members, and they refused to touch any food that a sick
它们避免坐在咳嗽的群体成员附近，并且拒绝触摸任何生病的
monkey had dropped. Wow.
猴子掉落的食物。哇。
So being careful around germs is not just something we humans invented during recent sicknesses.
所以小心病菌不仅仅是我们人类在最近的疾病期间发明的东西。
It is an ancient survival skill. Exactly.
这是一种古老的生存技能。没错。
Evolutionary biologists say that feelings of disgust and the desire to stay clean evolved millions
进化生物学家表示，厌恶感和保持清洁的愿望是在数百万
of years ago.
年前演变而来的。
It is nature's smart defense system to help animals survive dangerous infections.
这是大自然的智能防御系统，帮助动物在危险的感染中生存。
It makes you realize that nature is incredibly smart.
这让你意识到大自然是极其聪明的。
Even without hospitals and medicine, animals develop practical strategies to survive.
即使没有医院和药物，动物也会发展出实用的生存策略。
Nature is indeed full of surprises.
大自然确实充满惊喜。
And that brings us to the conclusion of our morning news for today, October 22, 2026.
这也迎来了我们今天2026年10月22日早间新闻的尾声。
We explored how AI can assess our biological age from a photograph, how internal clocks influence
我们探讨了人工智能如何从照片中评估我们的生理年龄，内部时钟如何影响
depression, why moderate daily walking sharpens your mind, and how wild monkeys practice good hygiene.
抑郁，为什么每天适度步行能让思维更敏锐，以及野生猴子如何保持良好的卫生习惯。
What a wonderful collection of stories to start our day.
这是开启我们一天的多棒的故事合集啊。
Before we say goodbye, we have our question of the day for our listeners.
在我们说再见之前，我们为我们的听众准备了今日问题。
If an AI tool could tell you your true biological age right now, would you want to know the number,
如果一个人工智能工具现在就能告诉你你真实的生理年龄，你想知道这个数字吗，
or would you prefer it to stay a mystery?
或者你更愿意让它保持一个谜呢？
Think about that question as you take a brisk walk today.
当你今天进行一次轻快的散步时，思考一下这个问题。
Thank you so much for listening to TalkCast.
非常感谢你收听 TalkCast。
Have a fantastic morning.
祝你度过一个极好的早晨。
Keep enjoying your English learning.
继续享受你的英语学习。
And we will talk to you next time.
我们下次再聊。
Have a wonderful day, everyone. Goodbye.
祝大家拥有一个美妙的一天。再见。
